Trim & tie (if necessary). Trim any silver skin and excess fat. If the tenderloin tapers, fold the thin end under and tie the roast at 1–1.5″ intervals so it cooks evenly.
Make the garlic butter. In a small bowl, combine the softened butter, grated garlic, chopped parsley, thyme, lemon zest (if using), and a pinch of salt and pepper. Mix until smooth. You may form into a log and chill or leave soft for immediate use.
Dry brine & rest. Pat the roast dry. Generously season all over with kosher salt and a light grind of black pepper. For best flavor and texture, salt the roast 30–60 minutes before cooking or up to 24 hours in advance (refrigerate uncovered if doing long dry brine). Remove from fridge ~30–45 minutes before cooking to come toward room temperature.
Choose your cooking method. (Reverse sear recommended for even medium-rare.)
Reverse sear (recommended): Preheat oven to 225°F (107°C). Place roast on a rack set in a rimmed sheet pan. Roast until internal temperature reaches 115–120°F (46–49°C) for a final target of 125–130°F (52–54°C) medium-rare (about 35–60 minutes depending on size). Remove and tent.
Sear-then-roast (classic): Preheat oven to 425°F (220°C). Heat a heavy skillet until very hot. Sear roast in oil 2 minutes per side to brown. Transfer to oven and roast until internal temp is 125–130°F (52–54°C) (typically 12–18 minutes; check with thermometer).
Sous-vide (precision): Season and vacuum-seal roast; cook at 129°F (54°C) for 1.5–3 hours, then pat dry and sear 30–60 seconds per side.
Sear & baste (finish). If reverse searing: heat a heavy skillet (cast iron) over high heat with 1–2 tbsp oil until just smoking. Sear roast quickly on all sides to form a crust (30–60 seconds per side). In the last 20–45 seconds, add 2 tbsp butter, smashed garlic and herb sprigs to the pan and spoon the foaming butter over the roast (baste) for flavor and sheen.
Top with garlic butter & rest. Transfer roast to a cutting board, top with slices or a pat of the compound garlic butter so it begins to melt. Tent loosely with foil and rest 8–12 minutes (resting allows juices to redistribute and carryover heat to reach final doneness).
Carve & serve. Remove twine. Slice roast into ½–1″ slices against the grain. Arrange on a warm platter, spoon any pan juices and melted garlic butter over the slices, and garnish with a sprinkle of chopped parsley and a twig of thyme or rosemary.