Heat olive oil in a skillet over medium heat. Add chopped onion and saute for 5–7 minutes until soft and lightly golden.
Add garlic and jalapeno. Cook for 30 seconds until fragrant.
Stir in cumin, smoked paprika, chili powder, salt, and pepper. Toast spices briefly.
Add black beans, tomato paste, and water or broth. Stir well and simmer for 3–5 minutes.
Lightly mash some of the beans to create a thick, textured filling.
Remove from heat and stir in lime juice and cilantro. Adjust seasoning if needed.
Prepare taco shells:
Fry: Fry tortillas in hot oil until crisp and fold into taco shape.
Bake: Brush tortillas with oil and bake at 425°F (220°C) for 8–12 minutes until crispy.
Air Fry: Air fry at 400°F (200°C) for 4–6 minutes until crunchy.
Fill each crunchy shell with warm black bean filling.
Add desired toppings and serve immediately.